Synology NAS DS920+ with two build-in 1Gbps ethernet adapters, and two 2.5Gbps USB 3.0 Ethernet Adapters. Now setup network bond / link aggregation on them.
Two network adapters have been setup with DHCP allocated addresses:
ens18 192.168.0.246ens19 192.168.0.105
After Link Aggregation Interface bond1 created, original two network adapters ens18 and ens19 IP addresses are gone. bond1 with the ONLY ONE network interface address for TrueNAS.
TrueNAS installed and a few steps to setup to let users access shared Samba directories.
SMB Samba service in TrueNAS
TrueNAS pool created
Then can access shared directory from TrunNAS in both Windows and Mac:
Make sure there is NO a lock icon on the folder (can unlock the folder in MacOS Finder)
After a default installation, a tiny disk space given to Proxmox root volume. Insufficient disk space issue raised up after several VMs installed and backup made, as iinstallation image files *.ISO and backup all put into root volume.
In storage.cfg:
1 | root@pve:~# cat /etc/pve/storage.cfg |
Run lvdisplay:
1 | root@pve:~# lvdisplay |
Solution is to decrease the size of pve/data volume, as this volume doesn’t support reducing thin pools in size yet, and then to increase the size of pdev/root volume.
Backup all VMs, then remove pve/data volume:
1 | root@pve:~# lvremove pve/data |
Based on the disk space has just released, increase the size of pdev/root volume, 20% for current FREE space in this case:
1 | root@pve:~# lvextend -l +20%FREE /dev/pve/root |
Create a new pve/data volume:
1 | root@pve:~# lvcreate -L2920G -ndata pve |
Check free disk space:
1 | root@pve:~# vgdisplay |
Create thin pool volume of the metadata, usually size of 1% of pve/data volume:
1 | root@pve:~# lvconvert --type thin-pool --poolmetadatasize 36G pve/data |
Verify current disk volumes, pve/root disk volume has more space now:
1 | root@pve:~# df -h |
1 | root@pve:~# lsblk |
Enable VT-d(Intel Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O), for IOMMU(Input Output Memory Management Unit) services, and SR-IOV (Single Root IO Virtualization), a technology that allows a physical PCIe device to present itself multiple times through the PCIe bus, in motherboard BIOS in Chipset, e.g. ASRock Z790 Riptide WiFi.
Enable SR-IOV for Mellonax network adapter e.g. Mellanox ConnectX-4 MCX455A-ECAT PCIe x16 3.0 100GBe VPI EDR IB in the same motherboard BIOS.
Add Proxmox No Subscription URL:
1 | root@pve:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list |
and run packages update:
1 | root@pve:~# apt update |
and install all build tools:
1 | root@pve:~# apt install build-* dkms |
1 | root@pve:~# proxmox-boot-tool kernel pin 6.8.4-2-pve |
and verify Proxmox kernal version:
1 | root@pve:~# proxmox-boot-tool kernel list |
1 | root@pve:~# apt install proxmox-headers-6.8.4-2-pve |
Linux i915 driver with SR-IOV support for Linux kernel:1 | root@pve:~# git clone https://github.com/strongtz/i915-sriov-dkms |
and change into the cloned repository and run:
1 | root@pve:~/i915-sriov-dkms# cat VERSION |
and build, install i915-sriov-dkms Linux kernel module:
1 | root@pve:~/i915-sriov-dkms# dkms install -m i915-sriov-dkms -v $(cat VERSION) --force |
and enable i915-sriov-dkms module with upto maximum 7 VFS (Virtual File System) in Linux kernel:
1 | root@pve:~# cat /etc/default/grub | grep GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT |
1 | root@pve:~# lspci | grep VGA |
First VGA 00:02.0 is the REAL GPU. Other 7 are Virtual ones.
Verify IOMMU has been enabled:
1 | root@pve:~# dmesg | grep -i iommu |
Windows 11 VM in ProxmoxAdd a PCI device for Windows 11 VM, and choose one Virtual GPU:
Enable Primary GPU and PCI Express in options:
Choose none in Display and host in Processors options for Windows 11 VM:
Start Windows 11 VM, login with Microsoft Remote Desktop https://apps.microsoft.com/detail/9wzdncrfj3ps and a Virtual GPU is available now. Run Task Manager and check CPU and GPU load:
Ubuntu VM in ProxmoxUbuntu version 22.04.4 for desktop.
Add a PCI device for Ubuntu VM, and choose one Virtual GPU; Enable Primary GPU and PCI Express in options; Choose none in Display and host in Processors options:
Setup remote desktop connection to Ubuntu:
1 | root@nucleus:~# apt install ubuntu-desktop |
1 | terrence@nucleus:~$ ./xrdp-installer-1.5.1.sh -s |
then reboot VM.
Now Audio device becomes xrdp input / output.
Windows Server 2022 is similar to Windows 11 setup in Proxmox. A few issues like GPU:
just disable GPU then enable it, it will work correctly.
And no sound after installation, but can enable Windows Audio Service and choose Remote Audio:
then audio over HDMI to remote desktop can work.
In addition, can setup User Auto Logon after Windows Server 2022 startup. And check Windows license by running:
1 | PS C:\Users\Administrator> slmgr -dlv |
Now can remote desktop access Ubuntu, Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022 VMs both run in Proxmox:
Buy some old Intel 10Gbps network adapter, X520, X540 … from AliExpress https://aliexpress.com/, and install old Intel network adapter driver for Windows 10 and make it working in Windows 11. The example is install version 25.0 Intel network adapter driver, https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/18293/29648/intel-network-adapter-driver-for-windows-10.html, to get it to work in Windows 11:
Intel network adapters supported Operating Systems, https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000025890/ethernet-products.html
Buy dual ports 10Gbps network adapter
Install the network adapter in PCIE slot directly to the CPU
Enable SMB Multichannel
Enable Jumbo Frames
Network adapter requires to support RSS (Receive Side Scaling).
1 | PS C:\> Set-SmbClientConfiguration -EnableMultiChannel $true |
Check network interfaces which show “RSS capable = True“:
1 | PS C:\> Get-SmbClientNetworkInterface |
1 | PS C:\> Get-SmbConnection |
1 | PS C:\> Get-SmbMultichannelConnection -IncludeNotSelected |
192.168.0.98 is Windows 11 network address, after Network Teaming; 192.168.0.112 and 192.168.0.34 are Synology NAS network addresses.
Synology NAS DS920+ with two 1Gbps ethernet adapters. There is an affordable and easy upgrading its gigabytes network path to 2.5Gbps.
Login Synology NAS Admin UI and run Control Panel -> Network -> Network Interface
Find out the architecture name of CPU in NAS. For example, Synology DS920+ is equipped with Intel Celeron J4125 CPU. The architecture name of this processor is Geminilake.
Go to driver releases site https://github.com/bb-qq/r8152/releases and download the latest version e.g. r8152-geminilake-2.17.1-1_7.2.spk, Synology DSM 7.2 and above, use packages with the suffix _7.2.
Login Synology Admin UI, then go to Package Center -> Manual Install and choose a driver package downloaded from above step.
ssh into the NAS, and run the following command:1 | $ sudo install -m 4755 -o root -D /var/packages/r8152/target/r8152/spk_su /opt/sbin/spk_su |
and also enable multiple identical USB devices, which SAME products have the SAME serial number:
1 | $ sudo bash /var/packages/r8152/scripts/install-udev-rules |
1 | $ sudo bash /var/packages/r8152/scripts/install-udev-rules |
and continue / retry the installation .
Reboot NAS.
Login Synology Admin UI, Package Center -> Installed -> RTL8152/RTL8153 driver and check new installed Realtek network adapter driver is running:
LAN 3 and Lan 4 have been turned on, with MTU / jumbo frame enabled 9000:
Bind the USB network adapter and run iperf3 network performance test:
1 | $ iperf3 -c 192.168.0.244 -B 192.168.0.229 |
Intel Ethernet Converged Network Adapter X710, with two 10Gbps ports. This allows to team the two ports together for link aggregation.
Server Manager in Windows 11
1 | PS C:\> New-NetSwitchTeam -Name "NIC-Team" -TeamMembers "X710-1","X710-2" |
A new network interface created, with combined speed 20Gbps.
To remove network team, run:
1 | PS C:\> Remove-NetSwitchTeam -Name "NIC-Team" |
OnePlus 5T, first announced in Nov 2017. 7 years later, has been upgraded to Android 10.0.1, still robust and fast.
NOTE: Before you take on this brave journey, make sure backup all important files on the phone at first!
First, unlock the bootloader, https://www.lifewire.com/how-to-unlock-bootloader-android-phone-4689186
Enable Developer Options in Settings -> About phone -> Build number
Download and install Android SDK Platform Tools on Windows https://developer.android.com/tools/releases/platform-tools
Run commands:
1 | $ adb devices |
1 | $ fastboot flashing unlock |
ON the phone will ask to confirm “UNLOCK THE BOOTLOADER”. After UNLOCK, your phone WILL BE RESET, like a factory hard reset. ALL APPS AND DATA ARE GONE. Android system will be reinstalled.
Go to OnePlus Smartphone Software Update site and download the latest version of OnePlus 5T update on Windows, https://oneplus.net/in/support/softwareupdate
Unzip OnePlus 5T update on Widnows
On the phone Settings, search for USB Preferences, select USE USB FOR File transfer
On Windows, in File Explorer, copy OnePlus5TOxygen_43_OTA_069_all_2010292144_76910d123e3940e5/boot.img file to ONEPLUS A5010 -> Internal shared storage -> Download directory on the phone
On the phone, download and install latest version Magisk, https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk
Run Magisk, select Magisk Install, https://topjohnwu.github.io/Magisk/install.html
Select and patch boot.img file under /Download directory
A patched file magisk_patched-27000_nplRf successfully generated. On Windows, in File Explorer, copy it to local directory
On Windows, run:
1 | $ fastboot flash boot magisk_patched-27000_nplRf.img |
NOTE: Always patch boot image on the SAME device where you run Magisk.
Root Checker to verify Root access, https://play.google.com/store/search?q=root%20checker&c=apps&hl=en&gl=USNow OnePlus 5T has been officially ROOTED!
NOTE: NO need to install TWRP (Team Win Recovery Project), https://twrp.me, a customised recovery application for Android devices on OnePlus 5T.